English3d.com           Unit 6  Lesson two
 

  

Our snug tiny island in the universe of language
         
     

 

 
       
       

             
       
 

-¿Que pasó esta mañana Eva? Cuando me levanté ya te habías ido... -Eh...Bueno, fui a buscar algo para comer...No podía encontrar comida en ningún lugar...     -Estoy muy preocupado por ti chica, tu sabes....Cuando regresé del trabajo también te habías ido...   -Bueno esta vez, cuando llegaste a casa me había ido a dar una vuelta por la tierra prohibida.   -¿Perdiste el buen juicio, Eva?  No debes ir a la tierra prohibida...  -Nunca me dices nada bonito porque soy la única mujer en este lugar...Por eso decidí ponerle punto final...Para decirte la verdad, ¡nunca antes había salido con una serpiente!
New words  Palabras nuevas
forbbiden: prohibida/o
to lose one's mind: volverse loca/o
to neglect: descuidar.
'cos = because (informal)
the truth: la verdad
to put it an end: ponerle fin
'El único hombre disponible...'

 

 LATER:

  

 

 

 

Tenses: The past perfect     Tiempos verbales: el pasado perfecto

 

 

  We use the past perfect to show that something had already happened before something else happened Utilizamos el pasado perfecto para indicar que algo había ya sucedido antes que otra cosa.
Examples     Ejemplos

It was my first car...and I had never driven before. Era mi primer auto...y nunca antes había conducido.

Tony knew Rome so well because he had visited the city twice. Tomás conocía Italia bien porque había visitado la ciudad dos veces.

She had studied English before she moved to New York. Había estudiado inglés antes de mudarse a Nueva York.
I had never seen such a beautiful place before I went there... Nunca había visto un lugar tan bello antes de ir allí...
 

 

NOTE:  the past perfect is the past form of the present perfect. Had is invariable for all persons in English:  I had, you had, he had, she had etc.  As you can see in the examples given so far, we use the past perfect  in sentences together with the past tense. NOTA: el pasado perfecto es la forma pasada del presente perfecto.  'Had' es invariable para todas las personas: Yo había, tú habías  etc. Como apreciarás en los ejemplos dados hasta ahora, utilizamos el pasado perfecto en forma conjunta con el pasado simple.

 

 

El pasado perfecto es equivalente al pretérito pluscuamperfecto del castellano...

 

 

STRUCTURE OF THE PAST PERFECT ESTRUCTURA DEL PASADO PERFECTO

 

We form the past perfect  like this:

 

Formamos el pasado perfecto así:

 

Subject + had  +

 present participle (regular or irreg verb)

   Sujeto + had (había) +

pasado participio
I    had   studied    (yo)   had (había)   estudiando
You   had   gone   (Tú)   had (había)   ido
He /She /It   had   seen   (él)   had (había)   visto
We /they   had   read

 

 (nos /ellos)   had (había)   leído

 

 

NEGATIVE SENTENCES: Use had not or hadn't ORACIONES NEGATIVAS: Utiliza had not o hadn't

 

Subject +  had not (hadn't) +

 past participle

  Sujeto +   no había +

pasado participio
I    had not  (hadn't)   studied    (yo)   no había   estudiando
He /She/It   had not  (hadn't)   seen   (el) (ella)   no había   visto
We   had not  (hadn't)   eaten   (nos)   no habíamos   comido
They   had not  (hadn't)   gone   (ellos)   no habían   ido

 

 

 

QUESTIONS WITH THE PAST PERFECT: PREGUNTAS CON EL PASADO PERFECTO:

 

 

had   + subject +  past participle

 ?

   ¿(verbo haber) + Sujeto + pasado participio

?

 

 

Had you shown it to him before?

 

¿Se lo habías mostrado antes?
Had he seen the film before?   ¿Había visto la película anteriormente?

Had she arrived when you called?

  

 ¿Había llegado cuando tú llamaste?

Had we worked for him in back then?

  

¿Habíamos trabajado para él en ese entonces?

         

 

 

Now it is time for activities!
Imagine that after many years you come back to your motherland. Many things are going to be different after so many years.

¡Ahora es tiempo de actividades! Imagina que regresas a tu tierra nativa luego de mucho tiempo. Muchas cosas van a ser diferentes después de tantos años...

Use the past participle of the verbs in brackets. (Utiliza el pasado participio de los verbos entre paréntesis)
 

Scorer Right  Scorer Wrong 

                                                                                                                                                                            
 My best friend Jack was no longer in town. He had  away... (go)

The church was no longer small....They had a bigger one. (build)                       

Tina didn't live at 333 Watson street any more. She had . (move)

The local cinema was no longer open. They had it down. (close)

I couldn't recognize Mrs Evans at all. She had a lot. (change)

Mr Spencer didn't have his car. He had a it a long time ago. (sell)

  The vicar was no longer alive. He had. (die)

  Bill and Mary were no longer married. They had . (separate)

 John didn't love Sara any more. He had someone else. (meet)

  Tom didn't like meat any more. He had a vegetarian. (become)

 Jimmy was no longer 1.50 metres tall. He had up a lot. (grow)

 And my wife was no longer waiting for me....She had   someone else!  (find)

 

 

 

 

 

          

 

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